Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Elevated Expression of miR-19b Enhances CD8 + T Cell Function by Targeting PTEN in HIV Infected Long Term Non-progressors With Sustained Viral Suppression

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03140

Figure Lengend Snippet: miRNA profiles distinguish LTNPs with different levels of virus. (A) Principal component analysis (PCA) plot of miRNA expression data from LTNPs, TPs, and HCs in the training cohort. Nine LTNPs were divided into two groups, one of which was very close to the TPs (Group A, n = 6) and another that was intertwined with the HCs (Group B, n = 3). (B) Comparison of age, CD4 counts, and viral load between Group A and Group B of LTNPs. * P < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)-based high-throughput miRNA profiling was performed at QuantoBio Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China).

Techniques: Virus, Expressing, Comparison

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Elevated Expression of miR-19b Enhances CD8 + T Cell Function by Targeting PTEN in HIV Infected Long Term Non-progressors With Sustained Viral Suppression

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03140

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of miR-19b is high in LTNP-Ls compared with that observed in LTNP-Hs. (A) Heatmap demonstrating 78 miRNAs differentially expressed between LTNP-Hs ( n = 6) and LTNP-Ls ( n = 3) in the training cohort (Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate-adjusted P < 0.05 and fold change >2). Hierarchical clustering of change in the threshold cycle (ΔCT) was performed using the complete linkage method and Pearson correlation coefficient. (B) The protocol for the selection of candidate miRNA from the training cohort. Among the 78 miRNAs differentially expressed between LTNP-Hs ( n = 6) and LTNP-Ls ( n = 3), 70 miRNAs differentially expressed between LTNPs and HCs ( P < 0.05) were excluded. Subsequently, five differentially expressed miRNAs between LTNPs and TPs were excluded. Three candidate miRNAs, namely miR-15a, miR-19b, and miR-33 were selected. (C) Comparison of the three candidate miRNAs between LTNP-Ls ( n = 3) and LTNP-Hs ( n = 6) in the training cohort. (D,F) Relative expression of miR-19b (D) , miR-15a (E) and miR-33 (F) in PBMCs obtained from LTNP-Ls ( n = 8) and LTNP-Hs ( n = 10) in the subsequent validation group. (G,H) CD4 + and CD8 + T cells from LTNPs were sorted through flow cytometry. The expression of miR19b in CD4 + (G) and CD8 + T (H) cells was compared between LTNP-Ls ( n = 9, one from training cohort, eight from validation cohort) and LTNP-Hs ( n = 10, two from training cohort, eight from validation cohort) using qRT-PCR. * P < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)-based high-throughput miRNA profiling was performed at QuantoBio Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Selection, Comparison, Biomarker Discovery, Flow Cytometry, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Mediators of Inflammation

Article Title: A Peptide Analogue of Selectin Ligands Attenuated Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Monocyte Activation

doi: 10.1155/2019/8709583

Figure Lengend Snippet: IELLQAR decreases PLCA-induced atherosclerosis and impaired Ly-6C high monocyte recruitment to the arterial walls of ApoE −/− mice. Eight-week-old male ApoE-deficient mice randomized into four treatment groups, sham group, normal saline (NS), and two IELLQAR treatment groups (1 and 3 mg/kg), and fed a normal chow diet for 4 weeks. In PLCA surgery, three (left external carotid, internal carotid, and occipital artery) of the four branches of ApoE −/− mice were ligated, and only the superior thyroid artery was left to provide blood circulation. (a) Representative histological analysis results of the carotid artery following H&E staining ( n ≥ 5). Scale bar: 50 μ m. (b) Flow cytometric dot plots showing the percentage of CD45 + CD11b + Ly-6C high monocytes in circulation. (c) Representative histological analysis results of the carotid artery following immunofluorescence staining with Ly-6C ( n ≥ 5). Scale bar: 50 μ m and 25 μ m, respectively. (d) The mRNA expression levels of MCP-1, CCR2, and ICAM-1 in carotid artery tissue were measured by qRT-PCR ( n ≥ 5). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM; ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Primer sequences for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis were designed and purchased from GenePharma Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Staining, Immunofluorescence, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Mediators of Inflammation

Article Title: A Peptide Analogue of Selectin Ligands Attenuated Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Monocyte Activation

doi: 10.1155/2019/8709583

Figure Lengend Snippet: IELLQAR inhibited monocyte activation by P-selectin-dependent activation of the NF- κ B pathways. (a) PBMCs were treated with P-selectin (10 μ g/mL) for different times. Representative Western blots showing the expression levels of total and phosphorylated I κ B α and P65. (b) PBMCs were treated with IELLQAR (1, 3, or 10 μ M) and coincubated with or without 10 μ g/mL of P-selectin for 30 min. Representative Western blots showing the expression levels of total and phosphorylated I κ B α and P65. (c) PBMCs were treated with PBS, LPS (1 μ g/ml), P-selectin, IELLQAR (10 μ M) plus P-selectin, or IELLQAR plus LPS for 2 h, and the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, TNF- α , and MCP-1 were measured by qRT-PCR. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM ( n = 3). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Primer sequences for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis were designed and purchased from GenePharma Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Western Blot, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR